Spread F – an old equatorial aeronomy problem finally resolved?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A Review of Equatorial Spread F
Equatorial spread F is a spectacular phenomenon in which the equatorial region ionosphere is reshaped after sunset. The plasma instabilities responsible for equatorial spread F are fascinating since they occur on time scales ranging from seconds to hours and length scales from centimeters to tens of kilometers. The plasma irregularities that occur in the F region also influence the performance ...
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In this paper we deal with a not well known orthopteran species described from Croatia--Krauss' bush-cricket, Platycleis kraussi Padewieth, 1900 with unknown type series. After systematic field studies the species was found only three kilometres from Padewieth's locus typicus, in Francikovac near Senj (Croatia). It was found to be the same as Bicolorana kuntzeni (Ramme, 1931), thus B. kuntzeni ...
متن کاملPossible ionospheric preconditioning by shear flow leading to equatorial spread F
Vertical shear in the zonal plasma drift speed is apparent in incoherent and coherent scatter radar observations of the bottomside F region ionosphere made at Jicamarca from about 1600–2200 LT. The relative importance of the factors controlling the shear, which include competition between the E and F region dynamos as well as vertical currents driven in the E and F regions at the dip equator, i...
متن کاملCharacterization of VHF radar observations associated with equatorial Spread F by narrow-band optical measurements
The VHF radars have been extensively used to investigate the structures and dynamics of equatorial Spread F (ESF) irregularities. However, unambiguous identification of the nature of the structures in terms of plasma depletion or enhancement requires another technique, as the return echo measured by VHF radar is proportional to the square of the electron density fluctuations. In order to addres...
متن کاملEffect of equatorial ionization anomaly on the occurrence of spread-F
The unique geometry of the geomagnetic field lines over the equatorial ionosphere coupled with the E– W electric field causes the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) and equatorial spread-F (ESF). Ionosonde data obtained at a chain of four stations covering equator to anomaly crest region (0.3 to 33 °N dip) in the Indian sector are used to study the role of EIA and the associated processes on t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Annales Geophysicae
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1432-0576
DOI: 10.5194/angeo-27-1915-2009